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--集合名词, 虽然以单数形式出现,但表示的是一个群体概念,蕴含着复数意味。所以,跟主语在含义上是一致的.
1. The British (people) are an island race. 英国人是以岛为家的民族。
(2) 复数名词主语+are/were+单数名词
--后面的单数名词是对复数性的事物在总体共性上作一概括与归纳性的描述.
1 Computers are a big help. 电脑是一个很大的帮助。
3. Polluted rivers and lakes have also been a cause of death.
4. Shoes are a protection for the feet. 鞋子是脚的一种保护物。
5. The results made known were a great disappointment to us. 公布的结果让我们大失所望。
注意:1. 4.5句中。当不可数名词被具体化表示一件事时,是可以做可数名词的.
(3) 复数名词+ are/were+ 不可数名词
--不可数名词本身就没有复数感念
1. Air and water are matter.
(4) 单数名词+is/was+复数名词
1. Our only guide was the stars. 我们唯一的向导就是星星。
比较:the stars were our only guide.
2. Her only hope for the future is her children.
比较:Her children are her only hope for the future.
1. 我们常说的是“主谓一致”,仅仅是主语和谓语保持“数”的一致。
比如上面例子中,必须是 I+am; We+are..
2. 谓语动词要不需要跟后面的宾语/表语保持一致,谓语动词只需要跟主语保持一致。
也就是说:we are a match. 虽然后面虽然是a match, 但是前面因为主语是we,所以必须用are!
这一点,James A. Chapman等在语法书<Grammar & Composition> 就写到:
还给出了一对例子:
The steaks were the biggest expense.
The biggest expense was the steaks.
因此,大家现在应该能理解为什么强调句型永恒都是
It is/was + n./pron.代词+ that(who/whom)...
It was the very first settlers who named this place Titicaca.
因为主语是it,后面只能是was/is!
划重点
1. 主语 和 表语,数目上可以不一致.
2. 主语 和 谓语,必须保持一致!
We are a perfect match!
❤
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